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Posted: 2013-03-27T12:37:13Z | Updated: 2017-12-07T03:05:39Z 13 Mental Health Benefits Of Exercise | HuffPost Life

13 Mental Health Benefits Of Exercise

13 Mental Health Benefits Of Exercise
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Many people hit the gym or pound the pavement to improve cardiovascular health, build muscle, and of course, get a rockin bod, but working out has above-the-neck benefits, too. For the past decade or so, scientists have pondered how exercising can boost brain function . Regardless of age or fitness level (yup, this includes everyone from mall-walkers to marathoners), studies show that making time for exercise provides some serious mental benefits. Get inspired to exercise by reading up on these unexpected ways that working out can benefit mental health, relationships and lead to a healthier and happier life overall.

1. Reduce Stress
Rough day at the office? Take a walk or head to the gym for a quick workout. One of the most common mental benefits of exercise is stress relief. Working up a sweat can help manage physical and mental stress . Exercise also increases concentrations of norepinephrine, a chemical that can moderate the brain's response to stress . So go ahead and get sweaty -- working out can reduce stress and boost the body's ability to deal with existing mental tension. Win-win!

2. Boost Happy Chemicals
Slogging through a few miles on the mill can be tough, but it's worth the effort! Exercise releases endorphins, which create feelings of happiness and euphoria. Studies have shown that exercise can even alleviate symptoms among the clinically depressed. For this reason, docs recommend that people suffering from depression or anxiety (or those who are just feeling blue) pencil in plenty of gym time. In some cases, exercise can be just as effective as antidepressant pills in treating depression . Don't worry if you're not exactly the gym rat type -- getting a happy buzz from working out for just 30 minutes a few times a week can instantly boost overall mood .

3. Improve Self-Confidence
Hop on the treadmill to look (and more importantly, feel) like a million bucks. On a very basic level, physical fitness can boost self-esteem and improve positive self-image . Regardless of weight, size, gender or age, exercise can quickly elevate a person's perception of his or her attractiveness, that is, self-worth . How's that for feeling the (self) love?

4. Enjoy The Great Outdoors
For an extra boost of self-love, take that workout outside. Exercising in the great outdoors can increase self-esteem even more. Find an outdoor workout that fits your style, whether it's rock-climbing, hiking, renting a canoe or just taking a jog in the park. Plus, all that Vitamin D acquired from soaking up the sun (while wearing sunscreen, of course!) can lessen the likelihood of experiencing depressive symptoms. Why book a spa day when a little fresh air and sunshine (and exercise) can work wonders for self-confidence and happiness?

5. Prevent Cognitive Decline
It's unpleasant, but it's true -- as we get older, our brains get a little... hazy. As aging and degenerative diseases like Alzheimer's kill off brain cells, the noggin actually shrinks, losing many important brain functions in the process. While exercise and a healthy diet cant cure Alzheimer's, they can help shore up the brain against cognitive decline that begins after age 45 Working out, especially between age 25 and 45, boosts the chemicals in the brain that support and prevent degeneration of the hippocampus , an important part of the brain for memory and learning.

6. Alleviate Anxiety
Quick Q&A: Which is better at relieving anxiety -- a warm bubble bath or a 20-minute jog? You might be surprised at the answer. The warm and fuzzy chemicals that are released during and after exercise can help people with anxiety disorders calm down. Hopping on the track or treadmill for some moderate-to-high intensity aerobic exercise (intervals, anyone?) can reduce anxiety sensitivity . And we thought intervals were just a good way to burn calories!

7. Boost Brainpower
Those buff lab rats might be smarter than we think. Various studies on mice and men have shown that cardiovascular exercise can create new brain cells (aka neurogenesis ) and improve overall brain performance . Ready to apply for a Nobel Prize? Studies suggest that a tough workout increases levels of a brain-derived protein (known as BDNF ) in the body, believed to help with decision making, higher thinking and learning. Smarty (spandex) pants, indeed.

8. Sharpen Memory
Get ready to win big at Go Fish. Regular physical activity boosts memory and ability to learn new things. Getting sweaty increases production of cells in hippocampus responsible for memory and learning. For this reason, research has linked children's brain development with level of physical fitness (take that, recess haters!). But exercise-based brainpower isn't just for kids. Even if it's not as fun as a game of Red Rover, working out can boost memory among grown-ups, too. A study showed that running sprints improved vocabulary retention among healthy adults.

9. Help Control Addiction
The brain releases dopamine , the reward chemical in response to any form of pleasure, be that exercise, sex, drugs, alcohol or food. Unfortunately, some people become addicted to dopamine and dependent on the substances that produce it, like drugs or alcohol (and more rarely, food and sex). On the bright side, exercise can help in addiction recovery . Short exercise sessions can also effectively distract drug or alcohol addicts , making them de-prioritize cravings (at least in the short term). Working out when on the wagon has other benefits, too. Alcohol abuse disrupts many body processes, including circadian rhythms . As a result, alcoholics find they can't fall asleep (or stay asleep) without drinking. Exercise can help reboot the body clock , helping people hit the hay at the right time.

10. Increase Relaxation
Ever hit the hay after a long run or weight session at the gym? For some, a moderate workout can be the equivalent of a sleeping pill , even for people with insomnia . Moving around five to six hours before bedtime raises the body's core temperature . When the body temp drops back to normal a few hours later, it signals the body that it's time to sleep .

11. Get More Done
Feeling uninspired in the cubicle? The solution might be just a short walk or jog away. Research shows that workers who take time for exercise on a regular basis are more productive and have more energy than their more sedentary peers. While busy schedules can make it tough to squeeze in a gym session in the middle of the day, some experts believe that midday is the ideal time for a workout due to the body's circadian rhythms .

12. Tap Into Creativity
Most people end a tough workout with a hot shower, but maybe we should be breaking out the colored pencils instead. A heart-pumping gym session can boost creativity for up to two hours afterwards. Supercharge post-workout inspiration by exercising outdoors and interacting with nature (see benefit #4). Next time you need a burst of creative thinking, hit the trails for a long walk or run to refresh the body and the brain at the same time.

13. Inspire Others
Whether it's a pick-up game of soccer, a group class at the gym, or just a run with a friend, exercise rarely happens in a bubble. And that's good news for all of us. Studies show that most people perform better on aerobic tests when paired up with a workout buddy . Pin it to inspiration or good old-fashioned competition, nobody wants to let the other person down. In fact, being part of a team is so powerful that it can actually raise athletes tolerances for pain . Even fitness beginners can inspire each other to push harder during a sweat session, so find a workout buddy and get moving!

Working out can have positive effects far beyond the gym (and beach season). Gaining self-confidence, getting out of a funk, and even thinking smarter are some of the motivations to take time for exercise on a regular basis.

What inspires you to stay fit? Tell us in the comments below.

Before You Go

Unexpected Side Benefits Of Exercise
Improved Sexual Function(01 of10)
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Here's a motivating reason to get moving: regular physical activity can increase blood flow in a way that has a direct affect on sexual function, explains HuffPost blogger David Katz, M.D., founding director of Yale University's Prevention Research Center At Griffin Hospital.In fact, a recent study published by Emory University researchers in the Journal of Sexual Medicine identified a link between physical activity and erectile function among men between the ages of 18 and 40."The men in our study who exercised more seemed to experience a protective benefit against erectile dysfunction," study co-author Wayland Hsiao, assistant professor of urology at Emory School of Medicine, said in a statement . "We hope that early screening for ED may be a gateway issue to help motivate young men to live healthily on a consistent basis so that they can possibly avoid health issues associated with a sedentary lifestyle, such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease. We see this as just the beginning." (credit:Alamy)
Changes In Gene Expression(02 of10)
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In the burgeoning field of epigenetics, scientists are discovering how environmental factors , including diet, stress and toxins, can change the way our genes are expressed, essentially turning certain genes on or off, and affecting which are passed down from generation to generation.One factor that can play a role? Exercise. Two recent studies have illustrated just how regular physical activity can affect gene expression.The first study, conducted by Swedish researchers illustrated how inactive young adults demonstrated an immediate shift in their muscle cells' genetic material after just a few minutes on a stationary bicycle, HuffPost reported when the findings were released.The second study, conducted by researchers from the Harvard School Of Public Health, found that walking an hour a day can slash genetic tendencies toward obesity . We'll walk to that! (credit:Alamy)
Better Skin(03 of10)
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Sweating it out could help you get your glow on post-workout, too. As Dr. Katz explains, your skin is the largest organ in your body. And as we slough off tons of skin cells each day, we need to give our body the right construction materials -- healthy foods, regular exercise, plenty of oxygen -- to rebuild. " If you've got good construction material," he says, "you can build healthy skin cells and you have good skin."Skin also tells the story of what's going on inside your body. "The skin is the window dressing. It's really reflective of overall health," Katz says. And that means if your body's natural detoxification system is healthy, including the kidneys, liver and spleen, it'll translate into a healthy looking glow.Those body-sculpting benefits of working out don't hurt either. "Skin draped over muscle looks great, skin draped over an excess of subcutaneous fat, not so much," Katz says. (credit:Alamy)
Healthy Eyes(04 of10)
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Here's a health shocker: moving your feet may have health benefits all the way up to your eyes.According to a recent paper published in the journal Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science, regular exercise may be linked to a lowered risk of developing glaucoma.Researchers, evaluating 5,650 men and women between the ages of 48 and 90, found that people who engaged in moderate physical exercise 15 years prior had a 25 percent reduced risk of low ocular perfusion pressure, a risk factor for glaucoma."It appears that OPP is largely determined by cardiovascular fitness," author Paul J. Foster, M.D. Ph.D., of the University College London Institute of Ophthalmology said in a statement . "We cannot comment on the cause, but there is certainly an association between a sedentary lifestyle and factors which increase glaucoma risk." (credit:Alamy)
Better Sleep(05 of10)
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Breaking a sweat during the day may just mean better beauty sleep at night. According to a large study published last year in the journal Mental Health and Physical activity, people who exercised at a moderate or vigorous level for at least 150 minutes a week (that's just over 20 minutes a day) reported 65 percent better sleep quality than their more sedentary peers. "Increasingly, the scientific evidence is encouraging as regular physical activity may serve as a non-pharmaceutical alternative to improve sleep," study author Brad Cardinal, a professor of exercise science at Oregon State University said in a statement when the findings were released. And that, in turn, could have a whole host of additional benefits, as poor quality sleep has been linked to increases in inflammation, high blood pressure, and increased blood glucose levels in people diagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes. (credit:Alamy)
A Sharper Brain(06 of10)
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Looking at your body holistically, what's healthy for the whole body -- good nutrition, plenty of rest, supportive relationships -- is also good for the brain, explains Katz. And the same goes for regular exercise."If something is good for your brain, it's probably good for you," he told The Huffington Post. "And if it's not good for you, it's probably not good for your brain."In the short term, exercise means increased blood flow to the brain, which can help you stay sharper. So instead of taking that coffee break, which provides an artificial stimulant to help you focus in the short-term, consider a walk instead. "Exercise does the same thing and it confers a lasting benefit into the bargain," he says. (Added bonus: sitting for too long has been associated with a host of health problems, including increased diabetes and cancer risk.)In fact, one Swedish study published last year in the Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine found that taking exercise breaks at work for two-and-a-half hours a week was associated with improvements in productivity.Physical fitness also has brain benefits in the long term, as well. Studies have linked regular activity to decreased risk of dementia and improved memory . (credit:Alamy)
Fewer Migraines(07 of10)
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Roughly 36 million people in the United States suffer from migraines, according to the Migraine Research Foundation -- and the oftentimes debilitating headaches take their toll in more than 113 million lost work days each year.Characterized by intense pain in one side of the head and often joined by symptoms of nausea, vomiting and sensitivity to light and sound, migraines tend to run in families and are triggered by a variety of factors , from foods to stress to environmental changes, according to the Mayo Clinic.Treatments can include drugs taken at the onset of an attack and preventive medications -- and a recent, small study suggests that exercise may be just as effective at the latter.The findings, published in the journal, Cephalalgia, suggest that regular physical activity may be able to prevent migraines as well as drugs or relaxation therapy, The Huffington Post reported when the study was released last year. (credit:Alamy)
Boosted Immunity(08 of10)
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The brunt of flu season may be behind us, but regular, moderate exercise may help us to stave off a springtime cold by upping the body's defenses against viruses and bacteria .A sedentary person is likely to catch two to three upper respiratory tract infections each year, HuffPost reported earlier this year , but a moderately active person can cut that number by close to a third.But the effect reverses in the case of intense exercise -- marathoners, for instance, may have a two-to-six-fold increase in contracting an upper respiratory tract infection in the weeks following a race. (credit:Alamy)
A Sunnier Disposition(09 of10)
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As much as we all sometimes dread the prospect of working out, the truth is that you'll actually feel better after you're done. Physical activity triggers the release of endorphins, those feel-good chemicals that produce a sense of euphoria in the brain. (Who can forget the famous Legally Blonde quote : "Exercise gives you endorphins. Endorphins make you happy. Happy people just don't shoot their husbands, they just don't." Just us?)Recent research has further confirmed the link between working out and happiness -- last month, Penn State researchers published findings suggesting that people who are more physically active reported greater general feelings of excitements and enthusiasm, The Huffington Post reported when the study was published."Our results suggest that not only are there chronic benefits of physical activity, but there are discrete benefits as well," study researcher Amanda Hyde, a kinesiology graduate student at Penn State, said in a statement . "Doing more exercise than you typically do can give you a burst of pleasant-activated feelings. So today, if you want a boost, go do some moderate-to-vigorous intensity exercise." (credit:Alamy)
More Birthdays(10 of10)
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Could daily workouts be the real fountain of youth? Maybe so.A Taiwanese study published last year in The Lancet suggests that even just 15 minutes of physical activity a day can extend life expectancy by three years , compared to people who didn't exercise. (credit:Alamy)

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